Improved stone-channelling machine



dntttd` tsht' strut @twine Letters Pfl-tent No. 94 256, lated August 31, 1869.

IMPROVD STONE-CHANELLING' MACHINE.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patentp'and making part of the same.

To all whom 'it may concern -Be it known that I, FREDERICK Towssnsn, of Albany, vin the county of Albany, and' State of New York', have invented vcertain new and useful Improve- Figure 1, plate 1, is an lelevation of one Vside oftheimproved machine.

Figure 2, plate 1, is a top view of the machine.

Figure 3,' plate 2, is an inside view of the chisel-carrying wheel audits four chisels-and cam;

. Figure 4, plate 2, is a view ofthe interior of the chisel-carrying wheel, showing the manner of applying springs to the chisels.

Figure 57 plate 2, is a perspective View of one of the chisels. l

Figure 6, plate 2, is a view of the feed and stop` wheels.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several iigines.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements on machinery which is designed for cutting the face of stone, and channels o'r kerfs in stone, preparatory to removing the same from quarry-beds in regular-sided blocks.

The object of my invention is, mainly, to produce channels or kerfs in stone, by means of one or more chisels, applied in suitable guides, which radiate from and are secured to a shaft that receives rotary motion, said chisel or chisels being acted upon alternately, and at proper times, by a cam and a spring or springs, or other blow-giving power, in such manner, that during the revolution of the chisel or chisels, they will be drawn inwardly toward their axis of revolution; and, when they are in the proper position, and at the proper angle for striking a blow upon the stone, they will be released from the cam, and forcibly driven against the stone by the recoil ofthe springs, or other blow-giving power, as will be hereinafter explained.

Another object of my invention to provide for causing one or more revolving stone-channel ling chisels to strike at different angles, and at any desiredangle, by the employment of aretracting and releasing-cam which is capable of being adjusted whether the chisels are rota-ting or at rest, as will be hereinafter described.

Also, to combine with rotary chisels which are adapted for cutting channels iu stone, an intermittent feed-motion, which will move the chisels along as rapidly as the work progresses, and, at the same time, prevent backward motion, as will be hereinafter explained.

The following is a description of one practical mode of. carrying my invention into. effect.

In the accompanying drawings;

A A represent `two ways, which are connected toH gether at their ends, so as to form a strong rectangular frame or bed, upon which the channelling-deviccs are sustained, moved, and'guided.

B B represent two bearing-blocks, which are mounted upon the parallel ways A A, 'and conuected'thereto by jaws a', working in grooves a, or in any other -suitable manner which will hold said blocks down in their places, and allow them to be moved back and forth upon their ways. K

In practice, the ways will be mounted upon posts or standards, and made vertically adjustable, so that the machine can be adjusted parallel to the plane of the bed of stone upon which it is supported, and also so that the chisels can be depressed as the channel or kerf gradually becomes deeper.

O is the chisel'carrying shaft, which extends transversely across the `bed-frame, and has its bearings in the blocks B B.

. On one end of this shaft, a pinion spur-wheel, C', is n its periphery, and also awheel, k, having anotch in -its periphery, in line with said tooth.

The tooth on the wheel j will engage with the teeth on a wheel, h', on a feed-shaft, G, at every revolution of the shaft H, and move shaft G a given distance about its axis.' p t The wheel k is made of such diameter that its periphery lies between two of the teeth on wheel h, and prevents this wheel, its shaft G, and the wheel h from turning, except when the tooth on the periphery of the wheel j engages with the teeth on wheel h', at which time the notch in the periphery of wheel k will allow one tooth of the wheel 7i, to escape, as indicated in fig. li. l

The shaft Ghas its bearings in the blocks B B, and carries pinion spur-wheels S S, which roll upon and engage with the teeth of racks l) b, upon the.inner sides of the ways A A.

It will be seen, from the above description, that during the rotation of the shafts H C, the shaft G will receive intermittent movements about its axis, and that the three shafts C G H, and their bearing-blocks, will be moved slowly along.

I am aware that the deidces which I have described' for moving the shafts and blocks upon the ways A A are not new, and I do not claim them irrespective of their combination with stone-channelling chisels. Nor do I contine my invention to the feed and stop-motion herein described, as other well-known contriva-nces may be used, which will operate to feed the chisels up to their work, and prevent backward movement.

I- have represented one kind of feed. and stop-motion for the purpose of explaining one practical mode of feeding the chisels over the stone, and, at the' same time, giving them a rotary motiont On one end of the shaft C, outside of the ways A, and rigidly secured to this shaft O, is a hollow wheel, D, composed of aceutral hub and two circular plates, secured together, at proper distance apart,`and enclosing parallel guides e e, as shown in the drawings.

' Between each pair of guides ee,va radial slotror space is formed, in which works freely a chisel, E

I have shown four chisels applied to the shaft C, adapted for striking four blows upon the stone. during each revolution of this shaft; but I do not confine myself to this number of chisels, asv a greater or less number ma f be used. Nor do I confine myself to the use of the plates, as these may be dispensed with, and the chisels'titted into sockets formed in radial arms.

Each chisel is acted upon by a spring, o, which may be of a helical form, and which will operate to thrust the chisel outwardly; and each chisel is provided with a stud, g, near its inner end, which stud protrudes through an oblong radial slot, fm., made through the inner circular plates of wheel D, as shown in iig. 3, plate 2.

F represents a flanged cam, which is formed on a circular hub, and applied loosely upon the shaft G,be tween the chisel-wheel D and the ways, and which is also constructed with a long arm, 1'", that which, at certain times, rests upon a pivoted support, f, projecting out laterally from one ofthe ways A, as shown in figs. l and 2, plate l.

rlhe cam F is made so that its greatest radius is at its highest point, and its least radius at its lowest point, as clearly shown in iig. 3.

By raising or depressing the free end of arm F', the

cam F will be vmoved about theaxis of shaft C, and in this way the chisels can 'be made to strike at different angles of inclination to the stone upon whiclrthe machine rests.

As the shaft C is rotated, the uppery end ofthe flange of cam F will successively receive the studs y,

viese on the chisel-stocks, and more the chiscls inwardly, or toward the axis of the said shaft, and compress the springs o and, as the studs successively leave the. lower end of the ange of said cam, the springs o will forcibly thrust the chisels outward, and cause their cutting-edges to strike the stone at an inclined angle, and at any angle which maybe found best adapted to the kind of stone being cut.

. The drawings represent only one retracting-cam applied on shaft C; but, in practice, .another such cam may be applied upon the shaft C, outside of theehiselwheel D, and madeV to operate upon studs that would also protrude from the outer face of .the wheel D, so that the chisels can be caused to strike upon the stone in moving backward aswell as forward.

I do not desire to be understood as confining myself to the precise construction of thedevices herein def' scribed for carrying my invention into effect, as other means equivalent thereto may be adopted which will operate upon the same principle.'

Having described my invention, v

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 'is- 1. One or more ehisels, applied to a'rotary shaft, and 'operated upon by springs, or other blow-giving power, substantially as described'.

2. One or more cams, or thev equivalents thereof, adapted forretracting chisels which areapplied to a rotary shaft, and which are acted upon by springs, substantially described.

3. Providing for adjusting one or more chisel-retracting cams, so as to canse rotating chisels to strike at different :ingles of inclination, substantially as described.

4. 1iadially-reciprocating chisels, 'which are acted upon by springs, and which are applied .to a wheel, composed of circular plates and guides, substantially as described.

FREDERICK TOWNSEND. Witnesses:

J. H. CRANE, E. M. Ennis. 

